Condensate Drain Line Blockage

One of the primary reasons for air conditioner leaks is a blocked condensate drain line. As the air conditioner cools the air, moisture from the indoor air is extracted and condensed into water. This water is then drained away through a condensate drain line. Over time, this line can become clogged with dirt, algae, or debris, obstructing the flow of water, and causing it to back up into the system and overflow out of the unit as it has nowhere else to go. It is also possible to have animal matter or eggs block the waste pipe.

Solution: Regular maintenance, including cleaning the condensate drain line, can prevent blockages and subsequent leaks. Using a specialised chlorine tablet cleaner or air pressure or both to flush the line can help keep it clear.

Clogged Air Filter

A dirty or clogged air filter can lead to various issues within an air conditioning system, including reduced airflow and decreased cooling efficiency. When the air filter is not regularly cleaned or replaced, it can cause the evaporator coil to freeze. Once the ice begins to melt, excess water accumulates and may overwhelm the drainage system, resulting in leaks.

Solution: Routine inspection and replacement of air filters are crucial for preventing a variety of problems in air conditioning units. Following the manufacturer's guidelines for filter replacement can ensure optimal performance.

Frozen Evaporator Coil

A frozen evaporator coil is another common culprit behind air conditioner leaks. This occurs when the refrigerant inside the coil drops to a temperature below freezing, causing moisture in the air to freeze on the coil. When the unit cycles off, the ice begins to thaw, and the resulting water may overflow the drain pan.

Solution: Proper airflow is essential to prevent the evaporator coil from freezing. Ensuring that vents and ducts are unobstructed and that the air filter is clean can help maintain adequate airflow and prevent freezing. This can also be a sign that the Refrigerant Gas is getting too low, and the unit is overcompensating for the low amount of gas.

Incorrect Refrigerant Levels

The proper balance of refrigerant is crucial for the efficient operation of an air conditioning system. If there is too much or too little refrigerant in the system, it can lead to temperature imbalances, increased pressure, and potential leaks.

Solution: Only qualified HVAC professionals should handle refrigerant-related issues. Regular maintenance checks by professionals can ensure that the refrigerant levels are within the manufacturer's specifications.

Damaged or Corroded Drain/Pan

The drain pan, located beneath the evaporator coil, collects the condensate before it is drained away. Over time, the drain pan can corrode or suffer physical damage, leading to leaks. It is also not uncommon for rodents to get into wall cavities and up in behind the covers and chew through the piping and conduit to access moisture causing significant damage and leaks.

Solution: Regular inspection of the drain pan is necessary to identify any signs of corrosion or damage. Replacing a damaged drain pan can prevent water leakage and extend the lifespan of the air conditioning unit. Have regular pest treatments.

Improper Installation

In some cases, air conditioner leaks may result from improper installation. If the unit is not installed with the correct slope for drainage or if the condensate drain line is not adequately positioned, water may accumulate and cause leaks. The waste pipe must have continual fall to the outside drain or garden. If water pools in the conduit, the bacteria in the water over time will coagulate and turn to goop which will eventually clog the pipe coursing a build-up of water and a water leak inside.

Even a correctly installed waste pipe can create a water leak if it is plumbed into a gutter down pipe which is blocked, forcing the water back up the pipe and out through the aircon on the wall or in the roof.

Solution: Ensuring that the air conditioner is installed by a qualified HVAC professional according to the manufacturer's guidelines can prevent installation-related issues.